James buchanan



(No Model.)

J. BUCHANAN.

PLOW.

No. 277,987. Patented May 22,1888.

N` PETERS. PMlo-Lnmgraphur. waxhinglon. D. x;

. UNITED STATESN PATENT OEEICE.

JAMES BUCHANAN, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters vPatent No. 277,987, dated May 22,1883. Application filed February 9, 1883. (No modell) To all whom it mayconcern Beit known that I, JAMES BUCHANAN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State-of-Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plows,ot' which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in plows; and the objects of myimprovements are, trst, to lighten the draft by increasing the size ofcutting-disk and operating it on the axle to which the plow is attached;second, to break the soil to a greaterdepth than usual, and to enrichthe land by exposing more of it to atmospheric action; third, tofacilitate drainage by the attachment of an adjustable drain-cutter thatwill form a continuous channel below the plowed surface under eachfurrow; fourth, to produce a plow that will work equally well eithersingle or in gangs of two or more. I attain these objects by themechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichi Figure lis a top view of a single plow'. Fig. 2 is a side view ot' the plow,showing the plow raised out of Vground by dotted lines. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal vertical section on line w a: on Fig. l. Fig. 4 is avertical cross-section on line y y on Fig. 1.

Similarletters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

. Wheels W W operate on spindles F F. 0n said spindles are flanges ff,with ratchets on inner surfaces to receive ratchet-plates D and D. Saidratchet-plates are bolted to flanges ff on bolts f' f', which form apart of spindles F F. Ratchet-plates D and D' have slots E E for bolts ff on spindles F F to operate in when it is desirable to raise or loweraxle a in regulating the depth of furrow to be plowed. -On ratchet-plateD is a lever, L, to

. raise the entire plow from the ground during `to avoid a stump orstone.

transportation, or, while operating the plow, Said lever L onratchet-plate D is held in the position desired by stay-bar H passingthrough slot I, which is formed on lever L, and by bolt or thumbscrewt', that passes through slot I and either of holes It' in stay-bar H andthrough lever L.

`Stay-bar H is bolted to the fore end of frame ers i" r, to steady thefore end of disk A. To rear.

end of beams B B are bolted plates t t, to clean the cutting-disk Aas itleaves the ground, and also to steady the same. Frames B B' anddraft-beams B B are kept in their relative position to each other bybraces B2'B2. All are bolted together. Between the ianges at the rearend of draft-beams B B is bolted colter or standard C, with bolts o c.Golter O can be raised, as desired, when drain-cutter S is tobedispensed with. In colter O are bolt-holes h h, by which themold-board of plow P is secured `in the desired position, either high orlow, as is desirable to have depth of furrow. To the lower end of colterO is bolted drain* cutter S by bolt s. To the fore end of frames B2 B2and B' B' are secured the draft-chains.

WhatI claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, in a plow, of wheels W W, spindles F F, with boltsf'f, tlangesf 75 f, with ratchet-surface, ratchet-plates D and D', withslots E E, axle a, and cutting-disk A, substantially as described, andfor the purpose specitied.

2. rIhe combination, in a plow, of spindles F F, bolts f' j",ratchet-hanges ff, ratchetplates D and D', lever L, bolt i, slot I,staybar H, with holes It' h', frame B B', braces B2 B2, draft-beams B B,with anti-friction rollers 1' i', cutting-disk A, and plates tt, asdescribed and specified.

3. The combination, in a plow, of axle a.,

frame B' B', braces B2 B2, beams B B, colterV O, with holes 1th, andplow P, substantially as described and shown.

In testimony whereotl I have signed my name to this specification inthepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAIVIES BUGEIANAN. Vitnesses:

BERNE. J. LIZIUS, CARL P. `FEtrsOH.

